Pictured above a field technician is deploying a solar powered fieldkit water quality sensor. This device continuously monitors water temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and more. Using very little power it sends a radio signal with the data using long range wifi to a hub that receives the data and sends it to the internet to the scientists who analyze it. By deploying many of these sensor kits we can gain a much better understanding of what is happening in our water ways. This is just one example.
There are many many other reasons for low power devices to want to speak back to the internet. A garden may report back about soil moisture, a pet's collar might report its location, homes might report the level of the cistern -- these and many things we have not yet imagined are made possible by creating a Internet of Things (IoT) network where sensors can report data